jokol

Thursday, January 31, 2008

Money

Money is any token or other object that functions as a standard of exchange that is socially and officially accepted in payment for goods and services and in agreement of debts. Money also serves as a standard of value for measuring the relative worth of different goods and services and as a store of value. Some authors openly require money to be a standard of postponed payment.

Money includes both currency, particularly the many circulating currencies with legal tender status, and various forms of financial deposit accounts, such as demand deposits, savings accounts, and certificates of deposit. In modern economies, exchange is the nominal component of the money supply.

Money is not the same as real value, the latter being the basic element in economics. Money is central to the study of economics and forms its most strong link to finance. The absence of money causes an economy to be wasteful because it requires a concurrence of wants between traders, and an agreement that these needs are of equal value, before a trade exchange can occur. The efficiency gains through the use of money are thought to encourage trade and the division of labour, in turn increasing efficiency and wealth

Thursday, January 24, 2008

Cattle

Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are disciplined ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovina of the family Bovidae. They are raised as livestock for meat dairy products (milk), leather and as draught animals. In some countries, such as India, they are honored in religious ceremonies and revered. It is expected that there are 1.4 billion head of cattle in the world today.

Cattle were originally known by Carolus Linnaeus as three separate species. These were Bos taurus, the European cattle, including similar types from Africa and Asia, Bos indicus, the zebu,and the extinct Bos primigenius, the aurochs. The aurochs is ancestral to together zebu and European cattle. More newly these three have increasingly been grouped as one species, sometimes using the names Bos primigenius taurus, Bos primigenius indicus and Bos primigenius. Complicating the matter is the capacity of cattle to interbreed with other closely related species. Hybrid individuals and even breeds exist, not only between European cattle and zebu but also with yaks, banteng, gaur, and bison, a cross-genera fusion. Cattle cannot effectively be bred with water buffalo or African buffalo.

Thursday, January 10, 2008

Indicator

Dial indicators are instruments used to correctly measure a small distance. They may also be known as a Dial gauge, Dial Test Indicator, or as a clock. They are named so because the measurement results are displayed in a overstated way by means of a dial. They may be used to check the dissimilarity in tolerance during the check process of a machined part, measure the deflection of a beam or ring under laboratory conditions, as well as many other situations where a small measurement needs to be registered or indicated.

An economic indicator is a statistic concerning the economy. The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists of lighting and signaling procedure mounted or integrated to the front, sides and rear of the vehicle. The purpose of this system is to present illumination for the driver to operate the vehicle safely after dark, to increase the visibility of the vehicle, and to display information about the vehicle's presence, position, size, direction of travel, and driver's intentions concerning direction and speed of travel.